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What Is a LEED Certified Home?

 

 

LEED for Homes is a voluntary rating system created by the US Green Building Council (USGBC) that promotes the design and construction of high-performance green homes, including affordable housing, mass-production homes, custom designs, stand-alone single-family homes, duplexes and townhouses, suburban and urban apartments and condominiums and lofts in historic buildings. 

 

Since 2007 Habitat for Humanity of Kent County has built and rehabbed 100% LEED for Homes Certified homes. That adds up to 112 homes (and counting)! In 2011 the USGBC recognized Habitat Kent with the Outstanding Program Commitment award.
 

112 Registered LEED Projects                

91 Certified LEED Projects

61 Average HERS Rating

7.5 Million Pounds of Waste Diverted

 

What Is LEED?http://www.habitatkent.org/Portals/0/solid_bronze_polished_black_ground_painting.jpg 

 

It is “Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design” (LEED). A green home is designed to have a positive impact on energy efficiency, environmental performance and human well being. LEED is a point-based certification system that measures how well a home performs as a green home. Homes can achieve the following levels of certification: Certified, Silver, Gold and Platinum. Our projects have been Silver but now we have stepped up to regularly achieve Gold.  

 

LEED is a Tool
For homebuilders, LEED is a tool used to set targets and track progress during the design and construction of a green home. 

 

LEED is a Scorecard
For homebuyers, LEED is a Scorecard—like a nutrition label—that gives a clear, concise picture of all the ways a green home performs at a higher level.

 

LEED is a Seal of Quality
For residents, LEED is a seal of quality, providing peace of mind that they are living in a home designed to deliver fresh air indoors and improved water and energy efficiency. 

 

What Does LEED Measure? 

 

LEED recognizes performance in eight areas: 

 

Indoor Environmental Quality The quality of the air indoors is often two to five times worse, and occasionally more than 100 times worse, than outdoor air, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. A LEED home is designed to maximize fresh air indoors and minimize exposure to toxins and pollutants. 

 

Energy Efficiency The average American household spends around $1,500 every year on energy bills, according to the U.S. government’s ENERGY STAR program. Based on average ENERGY STAR scores of LEED homes built so far, they have the potential to use 20-30% less energy, and some up to 60% less energy, than a home built to the International Code Council’s standards for minimum energy efficiency. Less energy use means lower utility bills every month through the life of a house. 

 

Water Efficiency Wasteful water use is both costly and risky, as population growth and a changing climate make clean, safe water an increasingly scarce resource. It is also directly tied to wasteful energy use: As much as 1/4-1/2 of the electricity used by most U.S. cities is consumed at municipal water and wastewater treatment facilities according to the U.S. Department of Energy. LEED homes use innovative strategies to reduce a home’s water use and to find creative ways to reuse water. 

 

Site Selection The old truism about prime real estate – location, location, location – is especially true of green homes. LEED encourages homes that are close to schools, shopping, work and transit, maximizing your quality of life and reducing the amount of time you waste in traffic. 

 

Site Development During construction and beyond, a home can cause erosion, interfere with natural habitats and pollute waterways through stormwater runoff. LEED homes avoid destructive construction practices and have landscaping and other elements that protect the land where the home sites. 

 

Materials Selection The materials and resources that go into a home can be carefully selected from sustainably harvested, responsibly processed sources – or they can be wasteful and contribute to habitat destruction. LEED homes use recycled, reclaimed and responsibly obtained materials everywhere possible.   

 

Residents' Awareness LEED is proactive in educating homeowners and renters about a home’s green features and how to get the highest performance from them. A LEED home also stands as an example to the community of a well-built home and encourages others to live the same.  

 

Innovation LEED encourages builders and designers to find innovative ways to increase a home’s performance, taking into account local and regional needs and promoting durability for a long-lasting, comfortable home.

 

How Does A Home Become LEED Certified?  

 

Registration The building team registers a new home project with the LEED for Homes program.   

 

Teamwork The builder, architect, engineer and others on the design and construction team work closely together to optimize the benefits of a green home and ensure all the pieces work well together.  

 

Verification During the construction of the home, inspections at significant milestones, often including an ENERGY STAR rating, verify that the project is on the right track.  

 

Certification At the end of the process, a home is awarded points for its achievements. Based on the number of points it receives, the home can be certified at one of four levels: Certified, Silver, Gold or Platinum.

LEED Savings

From January through June 2010, the Alliance for Environmental Sustainability (AES) collected building energy performance data for research on the Energy Efficiency of homes certified to the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) rating system, a green building certification that focuses on performance-based verification.  
 
Report Methodology 
 
The research compiled information from pre-occupancy energy modeling of 144 LEED-certified projects that were located in the Midwest from climate zones ranging as far south as Cincinnati to as far north as Minneapolis. The Data shows numerous advantages in energy reduction and costs in than baseline average homes measured by the same energy modeling system.
 
  • All data is based on comparing pre-occupancy computer modeling data of LEED homes against non-LEED homes with a HERS score of 100 and does not in any way represent post-occupancy performance or actual savings realized through any home utility bills.
     
  • Kwh and CCF savings results may be skewed by unique systems installed on various homes such as; Renewable Energy, Geothermal heating/cooling, Propane, Electric Heating (Water Heating) and average regional energy prices.  
 
This report does not cover the full benefits of a LEED-certified house because it only focuses on energy in regards to electricity in Kilowatt-hours and heating in CCF’s. Benefits not addressed include of the home’s water reduction, biodiversity, reduced risk of sick home syndrome, improved quality of life and comfort, reduced waste sent to the landfill, reduced urban sprawl and many other benefits associated with a LEED certified home. Because LEED homes are third-party verified, Energy modeling was performed individually by the energy rater for each home, and in its nature is only a predictor of the building design case compared to the typical behavioral use patterns in the typical home in the typical climate zone, so true performance rates will vary. 
 
Report Findings 
 
After aggregating the data across all 144 LEED-certified homes, trends started to emerge. Homes that received the LEED for Homes third-party green building certification save 38% in energy use and save 42% in costs, with the following specific breakdown.
 
  • 28% less KWH’s with 32% electricity savings
  • 48% less CCF’s with 51% heating savings
  • 7 lbs C02 Emissions Reduced
  • 38 lbs Sulfur Dioxide Emissions Reduced
  • 28 lbs of Nitrous Oxide Emissions Reduced  
 
We then further isolated groups to compare performance across different LEED certification levels:
 
  • LEED Platinum homes saw, on average, a 41% savings in total energy consumed and a 46% savings in total costs incurred.
  • LEED Gold certified homes save 46% in energy use and save 42% in costs.
  • LEED Silver certified save 29% in energy use and save 24% in costs.
  • Standard LEED Certified homes save 30% in energy use and save 30% in costs.
 
 Utility Savings Across LEED Homes 
 
We see above that a LEED-certified home will be in a better position when it comes to the consumption of energy, whether it be electricity or gas. By extension, these certified green homes also are in a better financial position, as the home will render less operational costs to its owner.  Annually, LEED-certified homes bring the following annual utility savings:
 
  • LEED Platinum homes saw, on average, $1,869 savings in annual utilities.
  • LEED Gold homes saved $1,026 in annual utilities.
  • LEED Silver saved $256 in annual utilities.
  • Standard LEED Certified homes save 30% in energy use and save 30% in costs.  
 
An interesting note here is that the selection of LEED Silver homes were skewed as 23% of the homes in the study were affordable housing homes (e.g. Habitat for Humanity), all certified at the LEED Silver level.  These homes were generally smaller and more efficient, offering fewer saving in annual utilities. 
 
Value of LEED Homes
 
Now if we think about the total cost of ownership for a property, we can take traditional inputs such as principal mortgage payment, interest on the loan, property taxes, and home insurance (PITI) and add in utilities to the mix.  This is the premise of the SAVE act, a pending congressional bill that would include utilities in the underwriting process. We can take the annual utility savings, and assume a 3% annual inflation rate (quite conservative – and less than the mortgage rate a property is likely to receive). Using a financial calculator to see the value over the life of the mortgage with this, we can see the contributory value of utilities, broken down by LEED certification level. The calculations are based on a real estate appraisal journal article:
 
  • LEED Platinum homes receive $88,919 in utility savings over 30 years.
  • LEED Gold homes receive $48,813 in utility savings over 30 years.
  • LEED Silver receives $12,179 in utility savings over 30 years.
  • Standard LEED Certified homes receive $54,188 in utility savings over 30 years.  
 
Conclusion
 
The value of the performance-based LEED for Homes standard is clear. LEED-certified homes reduce the total cost of ownership at every level of LEED certification, saving tens of thousands of dollars through utility savings, during a typical 30-year mortgage period. Given the average $2,500 certification cost for a single-family LEED home through (AES), owners will typically have a payback period under 2.5 years.   
 
Contact AES to help you through LEED Certification on your next residential green building project.
 
 

Disclaimer

The LEED for Homes certification program has been put in place to provide independent, third-party verification that a particular home complies with the LEED for Homes Green Building Rating System. This certification program is not meant to serve as a vehicle for the adjudication of disputes between third parties, including without limitation, contractual disputes that arise between homeowners, project teams, and homebuilders. Accordingly, this certification program and the services provided by Habitat for Humanity of Kent County, USGBC staff, Providers, and/or Green Raters does not replace the applicable judicial or other alternative dispute resolution processes that such third parties may have available to resolve such disputes between themselves. 

Further, the U.S. Green Building Council makes no warranty with respect to any LEED-certified project, including any warranty of habitability, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. There are no warranties, express or implied, written or oral, statutory or otherwise, with respect to the certifications provided by USGBC. By way of example only, and without limiting the broad scope of the foregoing, it is understood that LEED certification, whether at the Certified level or any other level, does not mean that the project is structurally sound or safe, constructed in accordance with applicable laws, regulations or codes, free of mold or mildew, free of volatile organic compounds or allergens, or free of soil gases including radon. 

 

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Habitat for Humanity of Kent County
425 Pleasant Street SW
Grand Rapids, MI 49503

Phone: (616) 774-2431
Fax: (616) 774-4120

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